Employees often remain unaware of their legal rights, making them vulnerable to exploitation in the workplace. Nepal’s Labor Act, 2017 provides comprehensive protections for workers across various sectors. Understanding these rights can help employees ensure a fair and safe working environment.
Here are 10 essential legal rights every worker in Nepal should know:
1. Right to a Written Employment Contract
Every employer is legally required to provide employees with a written contract detailing the terms of employment. This document should include:
- Job responsibilities.
- Working hours.
- Salary details.
- Termination conditions.
2. Maximum Working Hours
Employees cannot be required to work more than 8 hours per day or 48 hours per week. A 30-minute break is mandatory after 5 consecutive working hours.
3. Overtime Pay
If employees work beyond the standard working hours, they must be paid 1.5 times their regular wage as overtime. The maximum allowable overtime is 4 hours per day or 24 hours per week.
4. Weekly and Public Holidays
Employees are entitled to:
- One day off per week (usually Saturday).
- Paid leave for public holidays such as Dashain, Tihar, and others declared by the government.
5. Right to Minimum Wage
The government sets a minimum wage, which all employers must comply with. As of now, the minimum wage in Nepal is Rs. 17,300 per month for all sectors (subject to updates).
6. Safe Working Conditions
Employers must ensure a safe and healthy workplace. This includes:
- Adequate ventilation and lighting.
- Safety equipment for hazardous jobs.
- Measures to prevent workplace harassment.
7. Maternity and Paternity Leave
- Women are entitled to 14 weeks of maternity leave, with 60 days as paid leave.
- Men are entitled to 15 days of paid paternity leave to support their family during childbirth.
8. Termination and Severance Pay
- Employers must provide valid reasons for termination.
- Employees terminated without valid cause are entitled to severance pay and compensation.
- The notice period for termination is typically 30 days.
9. Grievance Redressal
Employees have the right to raise complaints regarding workplace issues, including:
- Unpaid wages.
- Harassment.
- Unsafe working conditions.
Complaints can be submitted to the employer, local labor office, or the Labor Court.
10. Right to Unionize
Employees have the right to form or join trade unions to protect their collective interests. Union members can negotiate with employers for better pay, benefits, and working conditions.
Conclusion
Understanding your rights as an employee is the first step toward a fair workplace. Whether it’s ensuring safe conditions, claiming overtime pay, or addressing grievances, knowing the law is empowering.
If you need legal advice or assistance, visit Kanooni Sewa for guidance from experienced legal professionals.
